The evolution of surgical procedures has indeed been remarkable, from the early days of open surgery to today’s cutting-edge laparoscopic and robotic techniques. Robotic surgery, representing a form of minimally invasive treatment, has already transformed the field by reducing recovery times, minimizing pain, and improving overall patient outcomes [1]. The next step in this progression is digital surgery, which seeks to push the boundaries even further by integrating advanced technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), big data, artificial intelligence, surgical navigation, and three-dimensional (3D) printing.

In essence, digital surgery transcends mere automation of the physical act of surgery, offering a comprehensive framework for the holistic enhancement of the entire surgical process—from preoperative planning and simulation to intraoperative navigation and postoperative care. For instance, the use of AR and VR for surgical guidance allows surgeons to visualize anatomy in three dimensions and make real-time decisions informed by augmented visual overlays. Additionally, big data analytics can help surgeons make more informed decisions by predicting potential complications or optimizing surgical plans based on data from a wide range of cases. Meanwhile, 3D printing facilitates the creation of custom surgical tools and even patient-specific models of organs or tissues, leading to more precise and tailored interventions.

Furthermore, telemedicine platforms are fostering global collaboration among medical professionals through remote communication. This means that surgeons can now access expertise and mentorship from anywhere in the world. At the same time, these advancements allow patients in underserved regions to receive consultations from specialists remotely, thereby helping bridge the gap in healthcare access.

One of the most exciting implications of digital surgery is its potential to address healthcare disparities between developed and developing countries. The quality of healthcare varies considerably across regions, with developing countries often struggling to access advanced medical technologies. However, the rise of surgical robotics and digital platforms could significantly alleviate these challenges. Through remote collaboration and telemedicine, developing nations can potentially leapfrog traditional barriers to healthcare innovation. For example, robotic surgery platforms could allow skilled surgeons in any part of the world to guide or even perform procedures remotely on patients located elsewhere.

A recent study [2] highlighting the emergence of surgical robotics in Africa has demonstrated the potential of robotic surgery to be successfully applied in developing countries. By embracing digital platforms, countries in Africa and other parts of the world could not only enhance surgical precision and patient outcomes but also improve access to training and advanced medical resources. Platforms offering simulation-based training and tele-mentorship, for example, could empower local surgeons to acquire specialized skills, thus reducing the need for patients to travel to distant countries for complex procedures.

As these advancements continue to unfold, particularly in developing countries, the interregional gap in surgical quality may begin to narrow. Ultimately, digital surgery heralds a future where all patients, regardless of their geographical location or socioeconomic status, can benefit from the highest standards of medical care.

Conflict of interest

The author has no conflicts of interest to declare.

Funding/support

None.